The history of the lathe dates back to 4,000 BC. to the so-called string drills. In the Middle Ages, a water wheel was used as a power source. Leonardo da Vinci is considered to be the creator of the prototype designs of various modern technological machines, including lathes. Throughout the centuries, manufacturing techniques have not…
The technological process route is also referred to as the production route, in other words, a work plan, a detailed structured description of activities within the technological process. A technological process route describes the sequence of actions necessary to produce a part, machine or device. The full description of the production route includes the individual…
Academic experience led to a return to the topic of developing a blank design as a casting. The selection of the casting mold division plane and the orientation of the casting, determination of the grade of allowance and accuracy class as well as the selection of foundry slopes are the main tasks of developing a…
As I wrote in the article Hadfield Steel, prison steel, milling, the aforementioned steel grade is difficult to machine. This is due to the specific austenitic properties of high manganese steels (Hadfield steels). These steels have very high tensile strength (from 350 to 900 MPa), which increases even to 2000 MPa (2 GPa). The increase…
Laser texturing is a laser beam forming technique for imparting specific properties to the surface layer of an workpiece. In the machine industry, laser technology is more associated with cutting, bonding and marking than with precise surface shaping. Illustrations 1 and 2 show examples of the use of laser texturing. As shown in Figure 2,…
Continue Reading ...
Operation 30 is the penultimate operation of shaping the workpiece. The general technological process of the rollers indicates that the shafts technology provides for the machining of splineways before finishing. Looking at the basic general technological process of a stepped shaft without heat treatment, the splineways (on the external surface) are made after shaping. If,…
Continue Reading ...
Operation 10 as part of each technological process is so-called first operation. The convention of numbering every 10 in the classic technological documentation made it possible to introduce another operation in a relatively easy way. There is no need for a deeper modification of the technological documentation, including the renumbering of all instruction cards, a…
Continue Reading ...
The workpiece for piece production so far has been characterized by the simplicity of the design and at the same time the diversity and specific freedom of its development and manufacture. The production of a semi-finished product with complex shapes in the case of large-scale or mass production consisted in the use of such manufacturing…
Continue Reading ...
Machining parameters, including turning parameters (fig. 1), are a challenge for every technologist. The technological cutting parameters in the turning process include: cutting speed vc [m/min] (1) – D – diameter of the workpiece; n – rotational speed of the workpiece (main drive) (1) main drive speed n [obr/min]; independent minute machining feed rate f [mm/min]…
Continue Reading ...
Previous post in the series: Technology of the sleeve, part 5 – boring. Technological operation 50 – grinding Figure 1 shows a technological sketch for 50 technological operation – finished machining of a cylindrical outer surface (final geometric dimension). According to the principles of the technical drawing, very thick lines mean surfaces machined in a…
Continue Reading ...
Shaft technology also means machining holes, mainly axial but also lateral holes. In the case of this operation 20 a short blind hole is made. Often, the axial hole is long, i.e. its length is significantly larger than its diameter. It is assumed that the holes whose length to diameter ratio is greater by 8…
Continue Reading ...
The shaft technology is a very popular subject in the process of technological education. There is an independent class of shafts as a class of parts in the technological context. Parts of this class are very commonly used components. The rollers (shafts) are among the simplest machining objects. The framework technological processes of the parts of…
Continue Reading ...
Milling in relation to turning is characterized by much greater variation. The following are the basic descriptions and dependencies of the machining parameters related to milling. This is the first of a series of articles about machining parameters. This method is a machining in which the main rotary motion is made by a tool and…
Continue Reading ...
The blank (workpiece) in the form of a cast is economically justified in the case of series production (from 5,000 pieces). This article presents the basics of casting design in the context of further technological operations using mainly machining. The design of gray cast iron castings in sand molded by machine or by hand is…
Continue Reading ...
